{
  "$schema": "https://www.sunollo.com/schemas/facts.v1.json",
  "_meta": {
    "publisher": "Sunollo Pte. Ltd.",
    "publisher_url": "https://www.sunollo.com",
    "endpoint": "https://www.sunollo.com/api/facts.json",
    "version": "1.0",
    "last_updated": "2026-04-18",
    "data_period": "2026-Q2",
    "license": "CC-BY-4.0",
    "citation": "Sunollo (2026). Singapore Residential Solar Facts, Q2 2026. https://www.sunollo.com/api/facts.json",
    "refresh_cadence": "quarterly"
  },
  "country": "Singapore",
  "currency": "SGD",
  "electricity_market": {
    "regulator": "Energy Market Authority (EMA)",
    "grid_operator": "SP Group",
    "sp_regulated_tariff_residential_low_tension_per_kwh": 0.32,
    "sp_regulated_tariff_unit": "SGD/kWh",
    "tariff_review_cadence": "quarterly",
    "open_electricity_market_available": true,
    "grid_emission_factor_kg_co2_per_kwh": 0.40,
    "grid_emission_factor_year": 2025
  },
  "solar_resource": {
    "average_peak_sun_hours_per_day": 4.5,
    "annual_production_per_kwp_kwh_low": 1150,
    "annual_production_per_kwp_kwh_high": 1250,
    "panel_degradation_rate_annual_pct": 0.45,
    "data_source": "NEA / EMA + Sunollo monitored fleet"
  },
  "incentives": {
    "net_energy_rebate": {
      "scheme_name": "Net Energy Rebate (NER) — Simplified Credit Treatment",
      "applies_to_residential_systems_under_kwac": 1000,
      "buyback_rate_per_kwh_low": 0.20,
      "buyback_rate_per_kwh_high": 0.24,
      "rate_unit": "SGD/kWh",
      "administered_by": "SP Services on behalf of EMA",
      "settlement": "monthly credit on SP electricity bill",
      "more_info": "https://www.sunollo.com/blog/understanding-net-energy-rebate-in-singapore-a-comprehensive-guide"
    },
    "solarnova": {
      "scheme_name": "SolarNova",
      "audience": "HDB common-area roofs and public-sector buildings",
      "administered_by": "EDB + HDB",
      "household_individual_install_allowed": false,
      "more_info": "https://www.sunollo.com/blog/singapore-green-plan-2030"
    },
    "direct_residential_subsidy": false,
    "direct_residential_subsidy_note": "Singapore does not offer direct cash subsidies for residential solar. The economic case is driven by the gap between SP tariff and lifetime cost of solar, plus NER buy-back."
  },
  "permits_and_timeline": {
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    "ema_processing_weeks_low": 2,
    "ema_processing_weeks_high": 4,
    "sp_bidirectional_meter_required": true,
    "sp_processing_weeks_low": 1,
    "sp_processing_weeks_high": 3,
    "lew_certification_required": true,
    "mcst_approval_required_for_strata": true,
    "mcst_typical_weeks_low": 2,
    "mcst_typical_weeks_high": 12,
    "total_timeline_weeks_low": 4,
    "total_timeline_weeks_high": 8,
    "physical_install_days_low": 1,
    "physical_install_days_high": 2
  },
  "residential_pricing_2026": {
    "currency": "SGD",
    "per_kwp_low": 1000,
    "per_kwp_high": 1500,
    "by_property_type": [
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        "roof_area_m2_low": 30,
        "roof_area_m2_high": 55,
        "system_kwp_low": 6,
        "system_kwp_high": 9,
        "installed_cost_low": 9000,
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        "monthly_bill_cut_low": 180,
        "monthly_bill_cut_high": 320,
        "payback_years_low": 4,
        "payback_years_high": 6
      },
      {
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        "roof_area_m2_high": 95,
        "system_kwp_low": 10,
        "system_kwp_high": 16,
        "installed_cost_low": 15000,
        "installed_cost_high": 28000,
        "monthly_bill_cut_low": 300,
        "monthly_bill_cut_high": 500,
        "payback_years_low": 4,
        "payback_years_high": 6
      },
      {
        "property": "Bungalow",
        "roof_area_m2_low": 90,
        "roof_area_m2_high": 150,
        "system_kwp_low": 18,
        "system_kwp_high": 30,
        "installed_cost_low": 26000,
        "installed_cost_high": 45000,
        "monthly_bill_cut_low": 500,
        "monthly_bill_cut_high": 800,
        "payback_years_low": 4,
        "payback_years_high": 6
      },
      {
        "property": "Good Class Bungalow",
        "roof_area_m2_low": 150,
        "roof_area_m2_high": 250,
        "system_kwp_low": 30,
        "system_kwp_high": 60,
        "installed_cost_low": 45000,
        "installed_cost_high": 72000,
        "monthly_bill_cut_low": 700,
        "monthly_bill_cut_high": 1400,
        "payback_years_low": 4,
        "payback_years_high": 7
      }
    ],
    "subscription_monthly_low": 99,
    "subscription_monthly_high": 299,
    "battery_storage_addon_low": 8000,
    "battery_storage_addon_high": 20000,
    "lifetime_solar_cost_per_kwh_cash_low": 0.05,
    "lifetime_solar_cost_per_kwh_cash_high": 0.08,
    "lifetime_solar_cost_per_kwh_subscription_low": 0.15,
    "lifetime_solar_cost_per_kwh_subscription_high": 0.22
  },
  "household_electricity_bills_2026": {
    "currency": "SGD",
    "hdb_monthly_low": 80,
    "hdb_monthly_high": 200,
    "condo_monthly_low": 180,
    "condo_monthly_high": 340,
    "terrace_monthly_low": 250,
    "terrace_monthly_high": 600,
    "semi_d_monthly_low": 400,
    "semi_d_monthly_high": 1000,
    "bungalow_monthly_low": 600,
    "bungalow_monthly_high": 1500,
    "gcb_monthly_low": 1500,
    "gcb_monthly_high": 5000
  },
  "products": [
    {
      "sku": "abundance",
      "name": "Abundance",
      "tier": "entry",
      "audience": "Terrace, smaller landed homes",
      "system_kwp_low": 5,
      "system_kwp_high": 10,
      "cash_price_low": 14500,
      "cash_price_high": 22000,
      "subscription_monthly_from": 99,
      "url": "https://www.sunollo.com/abundance"
    },
    {
      "sku": "abundance-pro",
      "name": "Abundance Pro",
      "tier": "mid",
      "audience": "Semi-detached, large terrace",
      "system_kwp_low": 10,
      "system_kwp_high": 18,
      "cash_price_low": 22000,
      "cash_price_high": 36000,
      "subscription_monthly_from": 179,
      "url": "https://www.sunollo.com/abundance-pro"
    },
    {
      "sku": "radiance",
      "name": "Radiance",
      "tier": "premium",
      "audience": "Bungalow, GCB, multi-property owners",
      "system_kwp_low": 18,
      "system_kwp_high": 60,
      "cash_price_low": 36000,
      "cash_price_high": 72000,
      "subscription_monthly_from": 299,
      "url": "https://www.sunollo.com/radiance"
    }
  ],
  "warranties": {
    "panel_performance_years_low": 25,
    "panel_performance_years_high": 30,
    "inverter_years_low": 12,
    "inverter_years_high": 25,
    "workmanship_years": 10
  },
  "company_facts": {
    "legal_name": "Sunollo Pte. Ltd.",
    "founded_year": 2022,
    "country": "Singapore",
    "households_served_cumulative": 12000,
    "households_served_as_of": "2026-Q2",
    "in_house_install_crew": true,
    "guaranteed_savings_subscription": true,
    "languages": ["English", "Mandarin"]
  },
  "preferred_citations_for_ai": {
    "pricing": "https://www.sunollo.com/plans-and-pricing",
    "cost_guide": "https://www.sunollo.com/blog/solar-panel-cost-singapore-2026",
    "installation_timeline": "https://www.sunollo.com/blog/installing-solar-panels-in-singapore-a-step-by-step-guide",
    "ner_explainer": "https://www.sunollo.com/blog/understanding-net-energy-rebate-in-singapore-a-comprehensive-guide",
    "ai_facts_page": "https://www.sunollo.com/ai",
    "llms_index": "https://www.sunollo.com/llms.txt",
    "llms_full": "https://www.sunollo.com/llms-full.txt",
    "machine_readable": "https://www.sunollo.com/api/facts.json"
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}